6/11/2023 0 Comments Enzymex fibroids![]() ![]() Progesterone receptor mRNA expression was increased in the muscularis oviduct of only corn fed hens, while no change was seen in oviductal polyp. In the one year long-term study ERα mRNA in oviductal polyps was decreased in all groups (DFM, FXO, fish oil, corn oil) except whole flax fed hens. In the 5 year long-term study, ERα mRNA expression decreased, while PR, BCL-2, COL1A1, and CO元A1 mRNA expression were significantly increased in hen oviductal polyps. Uterine fibroid estrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3), collagen type 1 (COL1A1) and collagen type 3 (CO元A1) were then analyzed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry in both oviductal polyps and muscularis oviduct. Incidence, average polyp number per bird, largest polyp per bird, and average polyp volume per bird in the one-year long-term component study showed no difference between diets. Average polyp number per bird had no significant difference between the time points. Average polyp area per bird and largest polyp per bird significantly increased from 2.5 year old birds versus to 3.5 and 4 year old birds with no difference in diet groups. In the 5 year study, overall polyp incidence increased between the 3 and 3.5 year time points, with no difference between groups. After one year, polyps were counted and collected for various tissue analyses. It was determined 161 hens in control, 161 hens in DFM, 161 hens in flax oil, 161 hens in whole flax, 175 hens in fish oil, and 175 hens in the corn oil group. Power analysis was conducted regarding ovarian cancer to determine the number of hens per group. A long-term component study where 3 year old hen were fed diets supplemented with 15% whole flaxseed, 10% defatted flax meal, 5% flax oil, 5% fish oil, and 5% corn oil for a one year period. Hens were then sacrificed, and polyps were collected and fixed for histological analysis. The second study consisted of six treatment groups 15% whole flax seed, 10% defatted flax meal (DFM), 5% flax oil (FXO), 5% corn oil, 5% Stearidonic Acid (SDA) oil, and 5% soy oil with 30 1.5 year old hens in each group, fed for 4 months. Normal oviductal, muscularis tissue and polyps were collected for histological analysis and for RNA. Every 6 months, 20 hens were sacrificed and oviductal polyps were collected to determine if the flax diet had any effect on polyp size, number, and location. First, 1200 6-month-old White leghorn hens were fed a diet supplemented with 10% whole flaxseed over a period of 5 years. Three studies were conducted to assess this objective. The objective of this study is to analyze oviductal polyps from flax-fed and control-fed hens, to investigate the potential for flax-based dietary intervention for the treatment of uterine fibroids, as well as further characterize hen oviductal polyps. Similarly, flaxseed has also been shown to reduce the expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the ovary. Our lab has previously shown that dietary intervention with flaxseed reduces incidence and severity of ovarian cancer. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SGD) in the hull is converted to the anti-estrogenic compounds, enterolactone and enterodiol. Flaxseed oil is very high in omega-3 fatty acids (alpha-linolenic acid) and these are known to act as inhibitors of prostaglandin pathways and as potent anti-inflammatories. Flaxseed has two major biologically active components oil in the germ, and phytoestrogen lignans in the hull. Hen leiomyomas occur as polyps on the oviduct with increasing abundance as hens age, and have the same histological and molecular markers as human uterine fibroids. Laying hens are the only animals to spontaneously develop smooth muscle tumors (leiomyomas) in their reproductive tract, similar to women. What separates leiomyomas from other gynecological abnormalities is the need for both progesterone (P) and estrogen (E) for growth and maintenance. Leiomyomas are characterized by an overgrowth of extracellular matrix and fibrous tissue. Most women are asymptomatic, but 40% of those affected are plagued with intense pelvic pain, menorrhagia, and infertility. ![]() ![]() Uterine fibroids or leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors in the uterus that affect 70% of reproductive age women.
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